District Profile
Description of Agro-climatic zones and farming situations of the district
A - Farming situation analysis of the district.
Azamgarh district falls under 8th Eastern plain agro climatic zone. Some of the special features of the district are :
Area : 489614 ha.
Tehsil : 8 (Sadar, Nizamabad, Mehnagar, Lalganj, Phoolpur Budanpur, Sagari, Martinganj)
Blocks : 22 (Palhani, Sathiyaon, Rani ki Sarai, Mohamadpur, Jahanaganj, Harriya, Belariyaganj, Thekma, Phoolpur, Mehnagar, Palhana, Koilsa, Atrauliya, Ahiraula, Pawai, Mirzapur & Tahbarpur. Martinganj, Lalganj, Tarwan, Azamatgarh, Maharajganj)
Climate : Climate of the district is damp and humid. The Temperature of the district ranges from 44.6 0C (Maximum) to 4.3 0C (Minimum). The average rainfall of the district is 1031 mm. The district gets rainfall from South west Mansoon. Climatic condition of the district is suitable for Animal Husbandry activities. The district is situated at a height of 77.6m from mean sea level.
Soil
The physiographic of the district is mostly plain. The district is devoid of any important mineral resource. The district has got domination of three types of soil viz., Loam, sandy Loam & Clay. The northern blocks are dominated by clay soil while the southern blocks have domination of sandy soil. Soil reaction varies around neutral from mildly acid to mildy alkaline and crops give good response to NPK fertilizers. Soil of the district is suitable for raising horticultural crops.
District Profile Data
Area : 4234 sq.km.
Population : 46.9 lacs
Male : 24.0 lacs
Female : 22.9 lacs
Ratio of Male to Female : 1000: 992
Population Density : 932.9 person/sq.km.
Literacy :
Male : 70.5%
Female : 42.4%
No. of Farmer : 497296
Agri. Labours : 153368
Net Cultivated Area : 298177 ha.
Net Irrigated Area : 271933 ha.
Annual Rainfall : 1031 (mm)
Gram Panchyat : 1617
No. of Village : 3721
No. of Village covered : 108
AES wise major thrust area of the district
AES – 1 Sandy loam :
In the North part of the district which is situated at the south bank of river Ghaghara. In this part Harraiya and Mahrajganj block are covered. The yield of the crop is very poor. Soil is deficient in many of the nutrients. Crop production, vegetable, fodder production and dairy management are main occupation of the farmers as given in following tables:
| Crop | Fodder | Vegetable | Dairy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Paddy | Berseem | Onion | Goatry-barbery |
| Wheat Chari | Tomato | Poultry-Improved | |
| Arhar | Jware | Brinjal | Buffalo-Murrah |
| Maize | Ladies Finger | Cow-Jersy & Desi | |
| Gram, Pea, Rai & Lentil |
AES-2 Clay Loam Soil
North parts the river Tamsa & South kachhar of the river Ghaghara is met together, which have clay soil and have most fertile belt of the district. It contains Atrauliya, Koilsa, Bilariyaganj & Azamatgarh block. Farmers grow almost all types of crop which are grown in AES-1 but productivity is slightly higher. People rear desi breed of cow, buffalo, goat, poultry and piggery in few of the pockets.
| Crop | Fodder | Vegetable | Dairy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Paddy | Bajara | Potato | Cow-Jercy/Desi |
| Wheat | Jware | Tomato | Buffalo-Murrah/Desi |
| Arhar | Chari | Cauli Flower | Goatry-Barbery/Desi |
| Gram | Berseem | Raddish | Popultry-Improved |
| Pea, | Chilli | ||
| Rai & Lentil |
AES – 3 Sandy Clay Loam Soil
Third part having loamy soil which contain mixture of clay and sandy loam. Containing area is Ahiraula, Pawai, Tahbarpur, Palhani, Phoolpur, Mirzapur, Rani ki sarai, Sathiyaon, Jahanaganj, Mohamadpur etc. blocks. Major portion of the area falls under this category. The soil is the light textured. Crops are grown with limited resources condition. Following crops are grown and other enterprises are practicised.
| Crop | Fodder | Vegetable | Dairy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Paddy | Jware | Potato | Cow-Jercy/Desi |
| Wheat | Chari | Tomato | Buffalo-Murrah/Desi |
| Arhar | Berseem | Cauli Flower | Goatry-Barbery/Desi |
| Gram | Raddish | ||
| Pea, Lentil | Chilli, Brinjal |
AES – 4 Sodic Soil in district Azamgarh
Fourth part have south west area of district in which Martinganj, Thekma, Lalganj, Palhana, Mehnagar and Tarwan blocks are covered. The soil of these areas is sodic in nature soil. Productivity is very low. Soil is deficient in micro-nutrients. Improved breeds of animal and high yielding varieties which have sodicness tolerance capacity like Usar Dhan-1 have need to introduce in the area. Soil is clay to sandy loam in nature. Consisting area of blocks Ahiraula, Pawai, Tahbarpur, Palhani, Phoolpur, Mirzapur, Rani ki sarai, Sathiyaon, Jahanaganj, Mohamadpur, major portion of the area falls under this category. The soil is the light textured. Crops are grown with limited resources condition. Rice-Wheat Cropping System are predominantly practiced in these areas. Dhaincha is raised for green manure and also for partial reclamation of sodic soils.